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Linear Alpha-Olefins

Chemical Economics Handbook

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Published April 2023

World consumption of linear alpha-olefins (LAOs) is forecast to grow at an average annual rate of 3.5% during 2022–27, driven mostly by North America on a volume basis (which has a low-cost ethylene feedstock advantage) and mainland China (which plans to supply its polyethylene and polyalphaolefin demand with more domestically produced product, as it tries to reduce its dependence on imports). Forecasts of growth rates vary significantly by region and by LAO cut. Polyethylene comonomer (HDPE, LLDPE and plastomers/elastomers) is the major LAO consuming market, followed by polyalphaolefins and detergent alcohols. Companies have invested in both full-range LAO plants (where a broad range of even-numbered carbon chain-length LAOs, rather than a single product, are produced) and in on-purpose technology (where production focuses on one or two specific monomers) in recent years. Given the diverse markets that LAOs serve and their importance in the global economy, world capacity is forecast to grow at an average annual rate of approximately 5% during 2022–27.

The following pie chart shows world consumption of linear alpha-olefins by major region:

Global consumption of LAO, driven by polyethylene comonomers, detergent-range alcohols (based on linear alpha- and internal olefins), polyalphaolefins, oil field chemicals, and surfactants, grew at an average annual of rate of 4.5% during 2019–22.

In 2022, North America accounted for approximately 44% of the world production of LAO, followed by the Middle East (16%), mainland China (13%), and Western Europe (10%). Other Asia, Africa, Central and Eastern Europe, and Central and South America accounted for the remaining 17%. The world’s two largest producers of LAOs have a combined capacity share of 50% (excluding butene-1 from raffinate). By 2027, these two producers will likely hold on to the top spots, but there will be some reshuffling of the other top five.

This report provides an excellent insight into the global market for linear alpha-olefins as well as their major derivatives. It has been compiled using primary industry research and brings together elements of other S&P Global reports in the Chemical Economics Handbook (CEH) and Specialty Chemicals Update Program (SCUP) suite of surfactant-related reports.

For more detailed information, see the table of contents, shown below.

S&P Global’s Chemical Economics Handbook - Linear alpha-Olefins is the comprehensive and trusted guide for anyone seeking information on this industry. This latest report details global and regional information, including

Key benefits

S&P Global’s Chemical Economics Handbook - Linear alpha-Olefins has been compiled using primary interviews with key suppliers and organizations, and leading representatives from the industry in combination with S&P Global’s unparalleled access to upstream and downstream market intelligence and expert insights into industry dynamics, trade, and economics.

This report can help you

  • Identify trends and driving forces influencing chemical markets
  • Forecast and plan for future demand
  • Understand the impact of competing materials
  • Identify and evaluate potential customers and competitors
  • Evaluate producers
  • Track changing prices and trade movements
  • Analyze the impact of feedstocks, regulations, and other factors on chemical profitability
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Contents

Executive summary 7
Summary 8
Introduction 16
Manufacturing processes 18
Ethylene oligomerization 18
Chevron Phillips Chemical’s ethylene oligomerization (Ziegler process) 19
INEOS’s ethylene oligomerization (modified Ziegler process) 20
Shell’s ethylene oligomerization (Shell higher olefins process — SHOP) 21
Idemitsu’s ethylene oligomerization process 22
Vista’s Alfene® process 23
Exxon’s ethylene oligomerization process 23
DuPont’s Versipol™ process 23
SABIC/Linde alpha-SABLIN™ process 23
Ethylene tetramerization 24
Ethylene trimerization 24
Ethylene dimerization 24
Other alpha-olefin synthesis routes 24
Sasol’s purification process 24
Paraffin wax cracking 25
Dehydration of alcohols 25
Isomerization of internal olefins 25
Metathesis of natural oils 25
Supply and demand by region 26
North America 26
Producing companies 26
Salient statistics 28
Consumption 28
Polyethylene comonomers 30
Linear low-density polyethylene resins 31
High-density polyethylene resins 32
Elastomers and plastomers 34
Oxo alcohols 34
Detergent alcohols 34
Plasticizer alcohols 36
Polyalphaolefins 37
Oil field drilling fluids 40
Other lubricant additives 40
Linear alkylbenzene 41
Surfactants 42
Alkenylsuccinic anhydrides 42
Synthetic fatty acids (C7-C9) 43
Alkyldimethylamines and dialkylmethylamines 44
Polypropylene comonomer 46
Chlorinated paraffins 46
Linear mercaptans 47
Aluminum alkyls 47
Alkyldiphenylether disulfonates 48
Other 48
Price 49
Trade 49
Central and South America 50
Salient statistics 50
Consumption 51
Western Europe 52
Producing companies 52
Salient statistics 53
Consumption 54
Polyethylene comonomers 57
LLDPE/HDPE 57
Plastomers and elastomers 58
Polyalphaolefins 58
Oxo alcohols 60
Detergent oxo alcohols 60
Plasticizer alcohols 60
Polybutene-161
Alkenylsuccinic anhydride 61
Linear alkylbenzene 62
alpha-Olefin sulfonates/surfactants 62
Lube oil additives 62
Other 62
Price 63
Trade 63
Central and Eastern Europe 64
Producing companies 64
Salient statistics 65
Consumption 65
Middle East 68
Producing companies 68
Salient statistics 70
Consumption 71
Africa 73
Producing companies 73
Salient statistics 75
Consumption 76
Indian Subcontinent 78
Producing companies 78
Salient statistics 78
Consumption 79
Northeast Asia 81
Mainland China 81
Producing companies 81
Salient statistics 84
Consumption 85
Polyethylene comonomers 86
alpha-Olefin sulfonates 88
Polybutene-189
Polyalphaolefins 89
Plasticizer alcohols 91
Other 92
Trade 92
Japan 94
Producing companies 94
Salient statistics 95
Consumption 96
Polyethylene comonomers 98
Oxo alcohols 99
Plasticizer alcohols 99
Detergent alcohols 99
alpha-Olefin sulfonates 99
Linear alkylbenzene 99
Other 99
Price 100
Trade 100
Other Northeast Asia 101
Producing companies 101
Salient statistics 101
Consumption 102
Trade 104
Southeast Asia and Oceania 105
Producing companies 105
Salient statistics 105
Consumption 106
Trade 108
Appendix — Geographic regions 109
Additional resources 110
Revisions 112
Data Workbook 113

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